![]() From those, the researchers built a collection of audio clips to use in their experiments. First, these volunteers scanned thousands of videos on YouTube for music evoking a variety of emotions. How they conducted the studyįor the study, more than 2,500 people in the United States and China were recruited online. ![]() But their opinions varied on the level of “arousal,” which refers in the study to the degree of calmness or stimulation evoked by a piece of music. “People from different cultures can agree that a song is angry, but can differ on whether that feeling is positive or negative,” said Cowen, noting that positive and negative values, known in psychology parlance as “valence,” are more culture-specific.Īcross cultures, study participants mostly agreed on general emotional characterizations of musical sounds, such as anger, joy, and annoyance. and Chinese study participants identified similar emotions-such as feeling fear when hearing the Jaws movie score-they differed on whether those emotions made them feel good or bad. Potential applications for these research findings range from informing psychological and psychiatric therapies designed to evoke certain feelings to helping music streaming services like Spotify adjust their algorithms to satisfy their customers’ audio cravings or set the mood.
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